Exercises: Case 2

Vocabulary

शश

śaśa

m

rabbit, hare [hare]

सिंह

siṃha

m

lion [Singh, Singapore]

वृक

vṛka

m

wolf [wolf, lupus]

Devanagari

Write the sentences below in IAST.

• कनकं नाक्षरं

• विज्ञानं देवाः सर्वे तदुपासते

• क्षान्तिः

• राज्ञो माता मां वसनं ददाति

• पिपासाया तस्मै कर्तव्यं न करोमि

• पावक वायो रुद्राक्षर

Sandhi

These excerpts have had some sandhi changes removed. Using your knoweldge of Sanskrit sandhi, restore the changes.

• सह नौ अवतु सह नौ भुनक्तु सह वीर्यम् करवावहै
  तेजस्वि नौ अधीतम् अस्तु मा विद्विषावहै
  ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः

  saha nau avatu saha nau bhunaktu saha vīryam karavāvahai
  tejasvi nau adhītam astu mā vidviṣāvahai
  oṃ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ

• सर्वम् ब्रह्म औपनिषदम्

  sarvam brahma aupaniṣadam

Translation

Translate from English to Sanskrit. Where possible, make pronouns explicit. Use the "subject-object-verb" order in your answers.

• The lion strikes the man.

• The wolf leads the boys.

• The rabbit remembers us.

• The man grieves (for) us.

  Use case 2 for "us."

• The man desires the two horses.

• The elephant walks to us.

• He remembers the lions.

• The wolves walk to you.

• The hero conquers all of you.

• I speak.

• They ask the two of them.

• The rabbit desires them.

• The horses lead me.

• The man obtains them.

• You steal the horse.

• He finds the boys.

• The boys strike the elephants.

• They are men.

• The wolves become confused.

• We are heroes.

• He leads the lion to the village.

  Case 2 has to be used twice here: once for "lion" and once for "village."

• They want the horses.

Answers

Devanagari

As before, English meanings are provided for your curiosity.

• kanakaṃ nākṣaraṃ

  Gold is not imperishable.

• vijñānaṃ devāḥ sarve tadupāsate

  All the gods worship that insight.

• kṣāntiḥ

  forbearance

• rājño mātā māṃ vasanaṃ dadāti

  The king's mother gives me clothes.

• pipāsāyā tasmai kartavyaṃ na karomi

  Because of thrist, I do not do what is to be done for him.

• pāvaka vāyo rudrākṣara

  O Fire, O Wind, O eternal Roarer

Sandhi

Just for fun, these answers have been provided with translations.

• सह नाव् अवतु सह नौ भुनक्तु
  सह वीर्यं करवावहै
  तेजस्वि नाव् अधीतम् अस्तु
  मा विद्विषावहै
  ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः

  saha nāv avatu saha nau bhunaktu saha vīryaṃ karavāvahai
  tejasvi nāv adhītam astu mā vidviṣāvahai
  oṃ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ

  May he protect us both. May he nourish us both. May we do powerful things.
  May our study be glorious. May we never denounce each other.
  OM. Peace! Peace! Peace!Upanishads (various)

• सर्वं ब्रह्मौपनिषदम्

  sarvaṃ brahmaupaniṣadam

  All is the Brahman of the Upanishads. Upanishads (various)

Translation

• सिंहो नरं तुदति

  siṃho naraṃ tudati

• वृको बालान् नयति

  vṛko bālān nayati

• शशो ऽस्मान् स्मरति

  śaśo 'smān smarati

• नरो ऽस्मान् शोचति

  naro 'smān śocati

• नरो ऽश्वाव् इच्छति

  naro 'śvāv icchati

• गजो ऽस्मान् चरति

  gajo 'smān carati

• स सिंहान् स्मरति

  sa siṃhān smarati

• वृकास् त्वां चरन्ति

  vṛkās tvāṃ caranti

• वीरो युष्मान् जयति

  vīro yuṣmān jayati

• अहं भाषे

  ahaṃ bhāṣe

• ते तौ पृच्छन्ति

  te tau pṛcchanti

• शशस् तान् इच्छति

  śaśas tān icchati

• अश्वा मां नयन्ति

  aśvā māṃ nayanti

• नरस् तान् लभते

  naras tān labhate

• त्वम् अश्वं चोरयसि

  tvam aśvaṃ corayasi

• स बालान् विन्दति

  sa bālān vindati

• बाला गजान् तुदन्ति

  bālā gajān tudanti

• ते नराः (भवन्ति)

  te narāḥ (bhavanti)

• वृका मुह्यन्ति

  vṛkā muhyanti

• वयं वीराः (भवामः)

  vayaṃ vīrāḥ (bhavāmaḥ)

• नरः सिंहं ग्रामं नयति

  naraḥ siṃhaṃ grāmaṃ nayati

• त अश्वान् इच्छन्ति

  ta aśvān icchanti