Exercises: "And," "Or," and "Not"

Devanagari

At this point, you can read almost all of the Devanagari on the site. Try to read the translation answers below in Devanagari alone. These answers use the vowel symbol अ ( = a), but you should be able to read the rest. (Of course, you should only try this after you've attempted the translation exercises!)

But if you're eager to read something more, try your hand at the first verse of the Bhagavad Gita:

• धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः ।
  मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय ॥

Translation

Translate from English to Sanskrit. Use tatpurusha compounds where possible.

• The heroes and boys walk to the beautiful village.

• The black horse stand up with the white rabbit.

• Both I and the man obtain the fruits.

• Neither the elephants nor the wolves see the sun.

  i.e. "Both the elephants and the wolves do not see the sun."

• I do not want that fruit.

• Either the sun or the moon is in the sky.

• The two of us speak with the boy, and you do not go to the city.

• The men, the boys, the elephants, and the rabbits go with the heroes to the fruits.

• The wolves and I lead the boy from the village to the black trees.

  Case 2 should be used for both "boy" and "tree."

• You and I do not find the trunk of the elephant.

  In Sanskrit, words for "hand" also refer to an elephant's trunk.

Translate from Sanskrit to English.

• न जायते म्रियते वा

  na jāyate mriyate vā

Answers

Devanagari

If you don't know the meaning of the verse already, try to wait until the end of Starting Out. It's not too far away!

• dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ ।
  māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata saṃjaya ॥

Translation

• वीरा बालाश्च सुन्दरं ग्रामं चरन्ति

  vīrā bālāśca sundaraṃ grāmaṃ caranti

• कृष्णो ऽश्वः श्वेतेन शशेन तिष्ठति

  kṛṣṇo 'śvaḥ śvetena śaśena tiṣṭhati

• अहं च नरश् च फलं लभावहे

  ahaṃ ca naraś ca phalaṃ labhāvahe

• गजाश् च वृकाश् च सूर्यं न पश्यन्ति

  gajāś ca vṛkāś ca sūryaṃ na paśyanti

• अहं तत् फलं नेच्छामि

  ahaṃ tat phalaṃ necchāmi

• सूर्यो वा चन्द्रो वा गगने भवति

  sūryo vā candro vā gagane bhavati

• आवां बालेन भाषावहे त्वं च नगरं न गच्छसि

  āvāṃ bālena bhāṣāvahe tvaṃ ca nagaraṃ na gacchasi

• नरा बाला गजाः शशाश् च वीरैः फलानि गच्छन्ति

  narā bālā gajāḥ śaśāś ca vīraiḥ phalāni gacchanti

• वृका अहं च ग्रामात् कृष्णवृक्षान् बालं नयामः

  vṛkā ahaṃ ca grāmāt kṛṣṇavṛkṣān bālaṃ nayāmaḥ

• त्वम् अहं च गजहस्तं न विन्दावः

  tvam ahaṃ ca gajahastaṃ na vindāvaḥ

• It is not born, nor does it die. Bhagavad Gita 2.20