Exercises: Verb Bits

Vocabulary

New roots and forms

अस् as

???

be [is, am, are, es-sence]

अस्ति asti: inflected; He is
असि asi: inflected; You (singular) are
अस्मि asmi: inflected; I am

विद्

vid

???

see, know, understand [wise wit, vision]

This root is identical to the a0-class root vid, meaning "find." But although these two roots are identical, they behave very differently.

वेद veda

inflected

I know / He knows

वेद veda

sacred knowledge, lore; the Vedas

Note that this is a regular word formed by the a primary suffix.

वैदिक vaidika: mfn; relating to the Vedas; "Vedic"
वैदिक vaidika: m; one who is well-versed in the Vedas.

वच्

vac

???

speak, talk [voice, vocal, vox]

उवाच uvāca: inflected; he/she/it spoke

अह्

speak

आह āha: inflected; he/she/it spoke
आहुः āhuḥ: inflected; they spoke

General vocabulary

अस् as

अस्यति

asyati

throw, cast

Note that this is not the same as word that gives us asti.

आस āsa

something that throws or hurls; a bow

समस् samas

समस्यति

samasyati

throw together, combine

समास samāsa

The Sanskrit term for the compound

सामासिक sāmāsika: mfn; related to the compound system

अव्

avati

protect

Note that this root is stated as av — and not u or something similar — for a good reason. By learning the root as av, we can better remember the gerund and PPP: avitvā and avita.

क्षर्

kṣar

क्षरति

kṣarati

perish, melt away

क्षर kṣara

mfn

perishable

अक्षर akṣara

mfn

imperishable

अक्षर akṣara: m; the Sanskrit term for letters

Translation

Translate from Sanskrit to English.

संजय उवाच
अर्जुन उवाच
अवतु माम्
तत् त्वमसि
अक्षराणामकारो ऽस्मि द्वन्द्वः सामासिकस्य च

Here, the word kāra is used to identify a particular letter. kakāra, for instance, means "the letter ka."

Answers

Translation

Sanjaya said …

Bhagavad Gita (various)
Arjuna said …

Bhagavad Gita (various)
May he protect me.

Upanishads (various)
You are that.

Chandogya Upanishad 6.8.7

For more information on this important and well-known statement, you can read this article at wikipedia.org.
Of letters, I am a, and of compounds, I am the dvandva.

Bhagavad Gita 10.33

This verse was featured in our first lesson.